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In sport, score is a Quantity measure of the relative performance of opponents in a discipline. Score is normally measured in the abstract unit of points, and events in the competition can raise or lower the score of the involved parties. Most games with score use it as a quantitative indicator of success in the game, and in competition, a goal is often made of attaining a better score than one's opponents in order to win.
In team sport, the most common point metric is the "goal" or "score". Goals are accrued by the respective teams, and the match score represents the total score accrued by each team. For example, in association football and hockey goals are achieved by putting the ball in the opposing team's net. Other team sports like Rugby football, baseball and cricket have more complicated scoring procedures. The winning team is that which has recorded the best score, usually the team with the higher total score; a draw or tie is a result in which the competing teams record an equal score, sometimes requiring a tiebreaker.
Individual-based sports, such as golf and tennis, have points-based scoring as well. These may be abstract quantities defined for the sport, or more natural measures such as a distance or Time. Each competing Sportsperson accrues points based on the sport's scoring system, and the athlete with the best score is deemed the winner. In some sports, the best score is that of the competitor with the highest score, such as in tennis or high jump. In other sports, the best score is that of the competitor with the lowest score, such as in golf or the 100 metres sprint.
Most sports have time limits, which means point-based victories are usually the result of obtaining more points than one's opponent. In others, the champion must achieve a fixed number of points sooner than the rival. In some sports there is a perfect score that is the highest attainable, such as a 6.0 or 10.0. In boxing and mixed martial arts, a match runs an agreed number of timed rounds, each scored at its conclusion with a mandatory 10 points for winning and 9 or fewer for losing, depending on relative inefficiency. If either player scores a knockout or submission, they immediately win the match regardless of points or time.
Sports that use duration include many disciplines in athletics (track events of track and field, road running, cross country running and racewalking), and skiing (alpine skiing and cross-country skiing). Duration scoring may also incorporate penalty time based on the events of the competition. For example, in biathlon an athlete is made to ski a penalty loop for each target missed in the target-shooting portion of the event, causing an increase in the athlete's elapsed time in the competition. In the equestrianism discipline of show jumping, the duration of the performance is complemented with faults which are assessed for exceeding a maximum allowable time for the event ( time fault), or if the horse refuses to jump over an obstacle or knocks down a rail of an obstacle.
Examples of sports using a physical measurement, such as distance or height, include; the athletics disciplines of shot put, discus throw, hammer throw, javelin throw, long jump, triple jump, high jump, and pole vault.
In most racket sports and Net sport a point is earned when the other team commits a fault or rule infraction, thereby awarding the rally to the opposing team or player. Such sports may apply rally scoring, in which case either team can earn a point regardless of who is serving, or they may apply side-out scoring where only the serving team can earn a point. Pickleball utilizes side-out scoring, but Tennis utilizes rally scoring with specialized rules for tracking the score.
| Throwing | ||
| Discus throw, Hammer throw, Javelin throw, shot put | Individual | Distance (length) |
| Running | ||
| Running Track (sprint, middle and long distance); obstacle (hurdles, steeplechase); road (long distance, marathon, race walking) | Individual | Duration |
| Cross country running | Individual or team | Duration |
| Relay race Track relay (4 × 100 m, 4 × 200 m, 4 × 400 m, 4 × 800 m); medley (sprint, distance); Swedish relay; Ekiden | Team | Duration |
| Jumping | ||
| High jump | Individual | Distance (height) |
| Long jump Running and standing long jump; running and standing triple jump | Individual | Distance (length) |
| Pole vault | Individual | Distance (height) |
| Combined | ||
| Decathlon, heptathlon, and pentathlon | Individual | Points (based on event distance or duration) |
| Basketball | Team | Points |
| Netball | Team | Goals |
| Camogie | Team | Points (goals) |
| Hurling | Team | Points (goals) |
| Handball | Team | Goals |
| Lacrosse (field, box, sixes) | Team | Goals |
| Polo | Team | Goals |
| Ultimate | Team | Points |
| Water polo | Team | Goals |
| Football | ||
| Association football | Team | Goals |
| Australian rules football | Team | Points (goals, behinds) |
| Gaelic football | Team | Points (goals) |
| Gridiron football (American, Canadian) | Team | Points |
| Rugby league | Team | Points |
| Rugby union | Team | Points |
| Hockey | ||
| Field hockey | Team | Goals |
| Ice hockey | Team | Goals |
| Baseball | Team | Runs |
| Softball | Team | Runs |
| Cricket | Team | Runs |
| Oină | Team | Points |
| Rounders | Team | Rounders |
| Fistball | Team | Points and sets |
| Volleyball | Team | Points and sets, rally scoring |
| Racquet sports | ||
| Badminton | Individual or Doubles | Points and games, rally scoring |
| Pickleball | Individual or Doubles | Points and games, side-out scoring |
| Racquetball | Individual or Doubles | Points and games, side-out scoring |
| Squash | Individual | Points and games, rally scoring |
| Table tennis | Individual or Doubles | Points and games, rally scoring |
| Tennis | Individual or Doubles | Points, games, and sets, rally scoring |
| Golf | Individual | Par (score) |
| Bocce | Team | Points |
| Bowling (five-, nine- and ten-pin, candlepin, duckpin) | Individual | Points |
| Atya patya | Team | Points |
| Kabaddi | Team | Points |
| Kho kho | Team | Points (Minimum Chase based on duration) |
| World Chase Tag | Team | Points (tiebreaker based on duration) |
| Auto racing | Individual or team | Points (some based on duration) |
| Boxing | Individual | Points (if time expires) |
| Curling | Team | Points |
| Fencing | Individual or team | Touches |
| Roller derby | Team | Points |
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